The question of the title of the film therefore takes on a deeper resonance as one considers the tantalizing mélange produced by a marriage of noir, the western, and a jazz movement founded on unrest and violence, sold through a uniquely Japanese medium (animé, natch) that has been the vehicle for some of the most profound examinations of nihilism, violence, and romanticism (thinking especially of masterworks like Grave of the Fireflies and last year's Spirited Away ) in the modern cinematic vocabulary.